使用.NET Core Command List Interface执行实体框架核心命令。要使用.NET CLI，请通过编辑.NET Core项目的文件<DotNetCliToolReference Include="Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Tools.DotNet" Version="2.0.0" />在<ItemGroup>节点下添加.csproj。
打开命令提示符并导航到项目的根文件夹，然后输入dotnet ef --help列出EF Core命令，如下所示。
C:> dotnet ef --help
Entity Framework Core .NET Command Line Tools 2.0.0-rtm-26452
Usage: dotnet ef [options] [command]
Options:
--version Show version information
-h|--help Show help information
-v|--verbose Show verbose output.
--no-color Don't colorize output.
--prefix-output Prefix output with level.
Commands:
database Commands to manage the database.
dbcontext Commands to manage DbContext types.
migrations Commands to manage migrations.
Use "dotnet ef [command] --help" for more information about a command.如您所见，有三个主要的EF命令可用：database，dbcontext和migrations。下表列出了所有EF命令和子命令。
| 命令 | 子命令 | 用法 |
|---|---|---|
| Database | drop | 删除数据库. |
| update | Updates the database to a specified migration. | |
| DbContext | info | 获取有关DbContext类型的信息 |
| list | Lists available DbContext types. | |
| scaffold | Scaffolds a DbContext and entity types for a database. | |
| Migration | add | Adds a new migration. |
| list | Lists available migrations. | |
| remove | Removes the last migration. | |
| script: | Generates a SQL script from migrations. |
让我们看看每个命令的可用选项。
Database Drop
> dotnet ef database drop
Usage: dotnet ef database drop [options]
Options:
-f|--force Don't confirm.
--dry-run Show which database would be dropped, but don't drop it.
-c|--context <DBCONTEXT> The DbContext to use.
-p|--project <PROJECT> The project to use.
-s|--startup-project <PROJECT> The startup project to use.
--framework <FRAMEWORK> The target framework.
--configuration <CONFIGURATION> The configuration to use.
--runtime <RUNTIME_IDENTIFIER> The runtime to use.
--msbuildprojectextensionspath <PATH> The MSBuild project extensions path. Defaults to "obj".
--no-build Don't build the project. Only use this when
the build is up-to-date.
Database Update
> dotnet ef database update
Usage: dotnet ef database update [arguments] [options]
Arguments:
<MIGRATION> The target migration. If '0', all migrations will be reverted. De
faults to the last migration.
Options:
-c|--context <DBCONTEXT> The DbContext to use.
-p|--project <PROJECT> The project to use.
-s|--startup-project <PROJECT> The startup project to use.
--framework <FRAMEWORK> The target framework.
--configuration <CONFIGURATION> The configuration to use.
--runtime <RUNTIME_IDENTIFIER> The runtime to use.
--msbuildprojectextensionspath <PATH> The MSBuild project extensions path. Defaults to "obj".
--no-build Don't build the project. Only use this when
the build is up-to-date.
DbContext Info
> dotnet ef dbcontext info
Usage: dotnet ef dbcontext info [options]
Options:
--json Show JSON output.
-c|--context <DBCONTEXT> The DbContext to use.
-p|--project <PROJECT> The project to use.
-s|--startup-project <PROJECT> The startup project to use.
--framework <FRAMEWORK> The target framework.
--configuration <CONFIGURATION> The configuration to use.
--runtime <RUNTIME_IDENTIFIER> The runtime to use.
--msbuildprojectextensionspath <PATH> The MSBuild project extensions path. Defaults to "obj".
--no-build Don't build the project. Only use this
when the build is up-to-date.
DbContext List
> dotnet ef dbcontext list
Usage: dotnet ef dbcontext list [options]
Options:
--json Show JSON output.
-p|--project <PROJECT> The project to use.
-s|--startup-project <PROJECT> The startup project to use.
--framework <FRAMEWORK> The target framework.
--configuration <CONFIGURATION> The configuration to use.
--runtime <RUNTIME_IDENTIFIER> The runtime to use.
--msbuildprojectextensionspath <PATH> The MSBuild project extensions path. Defaults to "obj".
--no-build Don't build the project. Only use this
when the build is up-to-date.
DbContext Scaffold
> dotnet ef dbcontext scaffold
Usage: dotnet ef dbcontext scaffold [arguments] [options]
Arguments:
<CONNECTION> The connection string to the database.
<PROVIDER> The provider to use. (E.g. Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.SqlServ
er)
Options:
-d|--data-annotations Use attributes to configure the model (
where possible). If omitted, only the fluent API is used.
-c|--context <NAME> The name of the DbContext.
-f|--force Overwrite existing files.
-o|--output-dir <PATH> The directory to put files in. Paths ar
e relative to the project directory.
--schema <SCHEMA_NAME>... The schemas of tables to generate entit
y types for.
-t|--table >TABLE_NAME<... The tables to generate entity types for.
--use-database-names Use table and column names directly from the database.
--json Show JSON output.
-p|--project <PROJECT> The project to use.
-s|--startup-project <PROJECT> The startup project to use.
--framework <FRAMEWORK> The target framework.
--configuration <CONFIGURATION> The configuration to use.
--runtime <RUNTIME_IDENTIFIER> The runtime to use.
--msbuildprojectextensionspath <PATH> The MSBuild project extensions path. Defaults to "obj".
--no-build Don't build the project. Only use this
when the build is up-to-date.
Add
> dotnet ef migrations add
Usage: dotnet ef migrations add [arguments] [options]
Arguments:
<NAME> The name of the migration.
Options:
-o|--output-dir <PATH> The directory (and sub-namespace) to us
e. Paths are relative to the project directory. Defaults to "Migrations".
--json Show JSON output.
-c|--context <DBCONTEXT> The DbContext to use.
-p|--project <PROJECT> The project to use.
-s|--startup-project <PROJECT> The startup project to use.
--framework <FRAMEWORK> The target framework.
--configuration <CONFIGURATION> The configuration to use.
--runtime <RUNTIME_IDENTIFIER> The runtime to use.
--msbuildprojectextensionspath <PATH> The MSBuild project extensions path. Defaults to "obj".
--no-build Don't build the project. Only use this
when the build is up-to-date.
List
> dotnet ef migrations list
Usage: dotnet ef migrations list [options]
Options:
--json Show JSON output.
-c|--context <DBCONTEXT> The DbContext to use.
-p|--project <PROJECT> The project to use.
-s|--startup-project <PROJECT> The startup project to use.
--framework <FRAMEWORK> The target framework.
--configuration <CONFIGURATION> The configuration to use.
--runtime <RUNTIME_IDENTIFIER> The runtime to use.
--msbuildprojectextensionspath <PATH> The MSBuild project extensions path. Defaults to "obj".
--no-build Don't build the project. Only use this
when the build is up-to-date.
Remove
> dotnet ef migrations remove
Usage: dotnet ef migrations remove [options]
Options:
-f|--force Don't check to see if the migration has
been applied to the database.
--json Show JSON output.
-c|--context <DBCONTEXT> The DbContext to use.
-p|--project <PROJECT> The project to use.
-s|--startup-project <PROJECT> The startup project to use.
--framework <FRAMEWORK> The target framework.
--configuration <CONFIGURATION> The configuration to use.
--runtime <RUNTIME_IDENTIFIER> The runtime to use.
--msbuildprojectextensionspath <PATH> The MSBuild project extensions path. Defaults to "obj".
--no-build Don't build the project. Only use this
when the build is up-to-date.
Script
> dotnet ef migrations script
Usage: dotnet ef migrations script [arguments] [options]
Arguments:
<FROM> The starting migration. Defaults to '0' (the initial database).
<TO> The ending migration. Defaults to the last migration.
Options:
-o|--output <FILE> The file to write the result to.
-i|--idempotent Generate a script that can be used on a
database at any migration.
-c|--context <DBCONTEXT> The DbContext to use.
-p|--project <PROJECT> The project to use.
-s|--startup-project <PROJECT> The startup project to use.
--framework <FRAMEWORK> The target framework.
--configuration <CONFIGURATION> The configuration to use.
--runtime <RUNTIME_IDENTIFIER> The runtime to use.
--msbuildprojectextensionspath <PATH> The MSBuild project extensions path. Defaults to "obj".
--no-build Don't build the project. Only use this
when the build is up-to-date.