EF Core迁移的命令行界面

使用.NET Core Command List Interface执行实体框架核心命令。要使用.NET CLI，请通过编辑.NET Core项目的文件<DotNetCliToolReference Include="Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Tools.DotNet" Version="2.0.0" />在<ItemGroup>节点下添加.csproj。

打开命令提示符并导航到项目的根文件夹，然后输入dotnet ef --help列出EF Core命令，如下所示。

C:> dotnet ef --help
Entity Framework Core .NET Command Line Tools 2.0.0-rtm-26452

Usage: dotnet ef [options] [command]

Options:
  --version        Show version information
  -h|--help        Show help information
  -v|--verbose     Show verbose output.
  --no-color       Don't colorize output.
  --prefix-output  Prefix output with level.

Commands:
  database    Commands to manage the database.
  dbcontext   Commands to manage DbContext types.
  migrations  Commands to manage migrations.

Use "dotnet ef [command] --help" for more information about a command.

如您所见，有三个主要的EF命令可用：database，dbcontext和migrations。下表列出了所有EF命令和子命令。

命令	子命令	用法
Database	drop	删除数据库.
update	Updates the database to a specified migration.
DbContext	info	获取有关DbContext类型的信息
list	Lists available DbContext types.
scaffold	Scaffolds a DbContext and entity types for a database.
Migration	add	Adds a new migration.
list	Lists available migrations.
remove	Removes the last migration.
script:	Generates a SQL script from migrations.

让我们看看每个命令的可用选项。

Database Drop
> dotnet ef database drop

Usage: dotnet ef database drop [options]

Options:
  -f|--force                             Don't confirm.
  --dry-run                              Show which database would be dropped, but don't drop it.
  -c|--context <DBCONTEXT>               The DbContext to use.
  -p|--project <PROJECT>                 The project to use.
  -s|--startup-project <PROJECT>         The startup project to use.
  --framework <FRAMEWORK>                The target framework.
  --configuration <CONFIGURATION>        The configuration to use.
  --runtime <RUNTIME_IDENTIFIER>         The runtime to use.
  --msbuildprojectextensionspath <PATH>  The MSBuild project extensions path. Defaults to "obj".
  --no-build                             Don't build the project. Only use this when 
                                         the build is up-to-date.
Database Update
> dotnet ef database update

Usage: dotnet ef database update [arguments] [options]

Arguments:
  <MIGRATION>  The target migration. If '0', all migrations will be reverted. De
faults to the last migration.

Options:
  -c|--context <DBCONTEXT>               The DbContext to use.
  -p|--project <PROJECT>                 The project to use.
  -s|--startup-project <PROJECT>         The startup project to use.
  --framework <FRAMEWORK>                The target framework.
  --configuration <CONFIGURATION>        The configuration to use.
  --runtime <RUNTIME_IDENTIFIER>         The runtime to use.
  --msbuildprojectextensionspath <PATH>  The MSBuild project extensions path. Defaults to "obj".
  --no-build                             Don't build the project. Only use this when
                                         the build is up-to-date.
DbContext Info
> dotnet ef dbcontext info

Usage: dotnet ef dbcontext info [options]

Options:
  --json                                 Show JSON output.
  -c|--context <DBCONTEXT>               The DbContext to use.
  -p|--project <PROJECT>                 The project to use.
  -s|--startup-project <PROJECT>         The startup project to use.
  --framework <FRAMEWORK>                The target framework.
  --configuration <CONFIGURATION>        The configuration to use.
  --runtime <RUNTIME_IDENTIFIER>         The runtime to use.
  --msbuildprojectextensionspath <PATH>  The MSBuild project extensions path. Defaults to "obj".
  --no-build                             Don't build the project. Only use this 
                                         when the build is up-to-date.
    
DbContext List
> dotnet ef dbcontext list

Usage: dotnet ef dbcontext list [options]

Options:
  --json                                 Show JSON output.
  -p|--project <PROJECT>                 The project to use.
  -s|--startup-project <PROJECT>         The startup project to use.
  --framework <FRAMEWORK>                The target framework.
  --configuration <CONFIGURATION>        The configuration to use.
  --runtime <RUNTIME_IDENTIFIER>         The runtime to use.
  --msbuildprojectextensionspath <PATH>  The MSBuild project extensions path. Defaults to "obj".
  --no-build                             Don't build the project. Only use this 
                                         when the build is up-to-date.
    
DbContext Scaffold
> dotnet ef dbcontext scaffold

Usage: dotnet ef dbcontext scaffold [arguments] [options]

Arguments:
  <CONNECTION>  The connection string to the database.
  <PROVIDER>    The provider to use. (E.g. Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.SqlServ
er)

Options:
  -d|--data-annotations                  Use attributes to configure the model (
where possible). If omitted, only the fluent API is used.
  -c|--context <NAME>                    The name of the DbContext.
  -f|--force                             Overwrite existing files.
  -o|--output-dir <PATH>                 The directory to put files in. Paths ar
e relative to the project directory.
  --schema <SCHEMA_NAME>...              The schemas of tables to generate entit
y types for.
  -t|--table >TABLE_NAME<...             The tables to generate entity types for.
  --use-database-names                   Use table and column names directly from the database.
  --json                                 Show JSON output.
  -p|--project <PROJECT>                 The project to use.
  -s|--startup-project <PROJECT>         The startup project to use.
  --framework <FRAMEWORK>                The target framework.
  --configuration <CONFIGURATION>        The configuration to use.
  --runtime <RUNTIME_IDENTIFIER>         The runtime to use.
  --msbuildprojectextensionspath <PATH>  The MSBuild project extensions path. Defaults to "obj".
  --no-build                             Don't build the project. Only use this 
                                         when the build is up-to-date.
    
Add
> dotnet ef migrations add

Usage: dotnet ef migrations add [arguments] [options]

Arguments:
  <NAME>  The name of the migration.

Options:
  -o|--output-dir <PATH>                 The directory (and sub-namespace) to us
e. Paths are relative to the project directory. Defaults to "Migrations".
  --json                                 Show JSON output.
  -c|--context <DBCONTEXT>               The DbContext to use.
  -p|--project <PROJECT>                 The project to use.
  -s|--startup-project <PROJECT>         The startup project to use.
  --framework <FRAMEWORK>                The target framework.
  --configuration <CONFIGURATION>        The configuration to use.
  --runtime <RUNTIME_IDENTIFIER>         The runtime to use.
  --msbuildprojectextensionspath <PATH>  The MSBuild project extensions path. Defaults to "obj".
  --no-build                             Don't build the project. Only use this 
                                         when the build is up-to-date.
    
List
> dotnet ef migrations list

Usage: dotnet ef migrations list [options]

Options:
  --json                                 Show JSON output.
  -c|--context <DBCONTEXT>               The DbContext to use.
  -p|--project <PROJECT>                 The project to use.
  -s|--startup-project <PROJECT>         The startup project to use.
  --framework <FRAMEWORK>                The target framework.
  --configuration <CONFIGURATION>        The configuration to use.
  --runtime <RUNTIME_IDENTIFIER>         The runtime to use.
  --msbuildprojectextensionspath <PATH>  The MSBuild project extensions path. Defaults to "obj".
  --no-build                             Don't build the project. Only use this 
                                         when the build is up-to-date.
    
Remove
> dotnet ef migrations remove

Usage: dotnet ef migrations remove [options]

Options:
  -f|--force                             Don't check to see if the migration has
 been applied to the database.
  --json                                 Show JSON output.
  -c|--context <DBCONTEXT>               The DbContext to use.
  -p|--project <PROJECT>                 The project to use.
  -s|--startup-project <PROJECT>         The startup project to use.
  --framework <FRAMEWORK>                The target framework.
  --configuration <CONFIGURATION>        The configuration to use.
  --runtime <RUNTIME_IDENTIFIER>         The runtime to use.
  --msbuildprojectextensionspath <PATH>  The MSBuild project extensions path. Defaults to "obj".
  --no-build                             Don't build the project. Only use this 
                                         when the build is up-to-date.
    
Script
> dotnet ef migrations script

Usage: dotnet ef migrations script [arguments] [options]

Arguments:
  <FROM>  The starting migration. Defaults to '0' (the initial database).
  <TO>    The ending migration. Defaults to the last migration.

Options:
  -o|--output <FILE>                     The file to write the result to.
  -i|--idempotent                        Generate a script that can be used on a
 database at any migration.
  -c|--context <DBCONTEXT>               The DbContext to use.
  -p|--project <PROJECT>                 The project to use.
  -s|--startup-project <PROJECT>         The startup project to use.
  --framework <FRAMEWORK>                The target framework.
  --configuration <CONFIGURATION>        The configuration to use.
  --runtime <RUNTIME_IDENTIFIER>         The runtime to use.
  --msbuildprojectextensionspath <PATH>  The MSBuild project extensions path. Defaults to "obj".
  --no-build                             Don't build the project. Only use this 
                                         when the build is up-to-date.

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